build: 分离开发与发布环境的 Docker 构建配置

- 新增 Dockerfile.release 用于生产环境，仅包含运行所需的最小依赖
- 重构原 Dockerfile 为多阶段构建，集成前端构建与后端编译
- 更新 .goreleaser.yaml 以使用新的发布镜像配置
- 新增 GitHub Actions 工作流用于自动构建和推送 Docker 镜像

.github/workflows/docker-build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+name: Docker Build and Push
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main", "master" ]
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'docs/**'
+      - '**.md'
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main", "master" ]
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'docs/**'
+      - '**.md'
+
+env:
+  REGISTRY: ghcr.io
+  # Use message-nest to match release workflow naming, or use ${{ github.repository }} for default
+  IMAGE_NAME: message-nest
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+      - name: Log in to the Container registry
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ github.repository_owner }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
+          tags: |
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }}
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=sha
+
+      - name: Build and push Docker image
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: ./Dockerfile
+          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ dockers:
   - image_templates: 
       - "docker.io/engigu/{{ .Env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:{{ .Version }}-amd64"
       - "ghcr.io/engigu/{{ .Env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:{{ .Version }}-amd64"
-    dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    dockerfile: Dockerfile.release
     extra_files:
       - LICENSE
       - README.md
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ dockers:
       - "docker.io/engigu/{{ .Env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8"
       - "ghcr.io/engigu/{{ .Env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8"
     goarch: arm64
-    dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    dockerfile: Dockerfile.release
     extra_files:
       - LICENSE
       - README.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ dockers:
       - "ghcr.io/engigu/{{ .Env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:{{ .Version }}-armv7"
     goarch: arm
     goarm: 7
-    dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    dockerfile: Dockerfile.release
     extra_files:
       - LICENSE
       - README.md

Dockerfile

@@ -1,16 +1,64 @@
-FROM debian:latest
+# Stage 1: Build Frontend
+FROM node:20-alpine AS frontend-builder
+
+WORKDIR /web
+
+# Copy package files first for caching
+COPY web/package*.json ./
+COPY web/tsconfig*.json ./
+COPY web/vite.config.ts ./
+COPY web/index.html ./
+
+# Install dependencies
+RUN npm install
+
+# Copy source code
+COPY web/ ./
+
+# Build frontend
+RUN npm run build
+
+# Stage 2: Build Backend
+FROM golang:1.24 AS backend-builder
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Copy Go module files
+COPY go.mod go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+
+# Copy source code
+COPY . .
+
+# Copy frontend build artifacts to the location expected by go:embed
+# The embed directive in main.go is //go:embed web/dist/*
+COPY --from=frontend-builder /web/dist ./web/dist
+
+# Build the binary
+# CGO_ENABLED=0 for static binary
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o Message-Nest main.go
+
+# Stage 3: Runtime
+FROM debian:stable-slim
 
 ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
 
-RUN apt update \
-        && apt install -y ca-certificates \
-        && update-ca-certificates \
-        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-COPY ./ /app/
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y ca-certificates tzdata \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 WORKDIR /app
+
+# Copy binary
+COPY --from=backend-builder /app/Message-Nest .
+
+# Copy configuration directory (contains app.example.ini)
+COPY --from=backend-builder /app/conf ./conf
+
+# Copy other necessary files
+COPY --from=backend-builder /app/LICENSE .
+COPY --from=backend-builder /app/README.md .
+
 EXPOSE 8000
 
-CMD ["/app/Message-Nest"]
-
+CMD ["./Message-Nest"]

Dockerfile.release

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM debian:latest
+
+ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
+
+RUN apt update \
+        && apt install -y ca-certificates \
+        && update-ca-certificates \
+        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+COPY ./ /app/
+
+WORKDIR /app
+EXPOSE 8000
+
+CMD ["/app/Message-Nest"]
+